雾霾话题可能会出现在托福口语考试中（预测）

摘要：

中国雾霾，近几年不仅仅成为国人议论的热点话题，更是成为了国际议论的热点话题。在托福考试中，我们可以将中国雾霾的一些知识作为背景知识来了解，尤其在托福口语的独立口语Task1和Task2。...

　　中国雾霾，近几年不仅仅成为国人议论的热点话题，更是成为了国际议论的热点话题。在托福考试中，我们可以将中国雾霾的一些知识作为背景知识来了解，并且熟悉有关雾霾的英语相关表达方式，虽然目前为止还没有明确出现有关雾霾的口语话题，但并不代表未来不会出现，尤其在托福口语的独立口语Task1和Task2，所以，在此小编给同学们普及一下有关雾霾的英语知识，以便同学们在今后的考试中可以做到从容应答。

　　1. Definition(定义解释)：

　　1) Haze (雾霾)

　　Haze is traditionally an atmospheric phenomenon where dust, smoke and other dry particles obscure the clarity of the sky.

　　2) PM: Particulate matter ---- 颗粒物

　　3) PM 10: inhalable particles ---- 可吸入颗粒物

　　4) PM 2.5: particles can be drawn into lung, which diameter is less than 2.5 micron ---- 可入肺颗粒物

　　5) Particle size<2.5μm

　　2. Causes of hazy weather

　　1) Large pollutant emission (The burning of coal and oil)

　　2) Disadvantageous condition for dispersal扩散不利 (the low atmospheric air pressure. No wind、no rain)

　　3) Multiply effect of regional pollution and local pollution 区域污染和本地污染叠加

　　3. The harm of smog

　　1) It may has a bad effect on our respiratory(呼吸) organ and cardiovascular system(心血管系统统). 7 years after serious haze, there will be a period that the rate of lung cancer is extremely high.

　　Ultraviolet rays will be cut down and that will make the germs more infected.

　　2) The haze will reduce the vision. The worse is that the traffic will be much busier and the possible of accident will raise up.

　　3) Fog& haze weather, the air will often with bacteria and viruses, easy to spread the diseases.传播疾病

　　4) It is not conducive to the growth of children 不利于儿童成长

　　5) Negative influence psychological health 心理健康

　　4. Effective ways to avoid PM2.5 harm:

　　Step1: Search Air Quality Index first, reduce outdoor exercise if it’s beyond 100.

　　Step2: Wear N95/KN90 mask while density of PM2.5 reach 150.

　　Step3: Light diet and drink plenty of water.

　　Step4: Do not open the window in the haze

　　5. Solutions to the problem:

　　1) Develop and use new clean energy

　　清洁能源

　　2) Reducing the use of cars，developing the public transport.

　　公共交通

　　3) Increase the green area

　　增加绿化

　　4) public supervision

　　社会监督

　　以上是有关雾霾的相关英语知识普及，关于3-5点，在托福口语Task1及Task2中可能会以描述雾霾(haze)的危害(What are the damages of the haze?), 雾霾的避免及预防措施(How to reduce the air pollution like haze?)形式出现，希望同学们可以举一反三，将相关的话题内容进行有效整理，以便在考试时做到轻松应答。